By reviewing the concepts of consciousness sciences alongside the evolutionary history of empirical and theoretical research - focusing particularly on the emergence and contributions of studies from the Arizona and Berkeley centers from 1900 to the present - this article evaluates the distinctions and contradictions between two research paradigms: the traditional and post-traditional approaches to consciousness studies. The article comprises the following key contents: (i) Conceptions of the science of consciousness; (ii) Sciences of consciousness: traditional and post-traditional research paradigms.