This article explores the ongoing nature of human power struggles in the modern world, and raises the question of whether peace is simply the absence of war or a deeper, more active pursuit. Western thinkers like Hobbes and Rousseau are referenced to illustrate evolving views on human nature and conflict. The failures and lessons of global peace initiatives (e.g., Treaty of Westphalia, League of Nations, United Nations) are discussed, emphasizing the ongoing struggle between power and peace. Ancient Indian texts like the Puranas, Upanishads, Arthashastra, Manusmriti and Mahabharata provide a pragmatic and nuanced approach to statecraft, diplomacy, and conflict. The research paper argues that ancient Indian thought offers a sophisticated blend of realpolitik and ethical idealism, providing valuable lessons for contemporary geopolitics, diplomacy, and the pursuit of lasting peace. The main arguments and examples in the research paper, focus on the contrast between ancient Indian perspectives on war, peace, and geo-strategy through the global historical/contemporary approaches. The article highlights key philosophical, strategic, and ethical concepts with special reference to the ideas and values of king Ashoka, as well as their relevance to the emerging world order in modern international relations.